橡胶轴承结构设计
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- 本文首先阐述了橡胶元件在汽车的悬架系统与动力总成悬置系统中的应用，以及橡胶材料的众多特性，例如粘弹性。对国内外研究橡胶衬套的情况做了详细说明。车辆的NVH性能是评价驾驶车辆是否舒服的重要标准，它给车辆驾驶者的感受是最为直观的。在汽车行驶时，由于不平路面带来的振动，通过车轮传递给整车。橡胶元件在汽车行业中的应用十分广泛，尤其是在需要减振，降噪以及保护重要零部件的部分。悬架系统与汽车动力总成悬置系统就是其中最为关键的两部分。无论是在悬架系统还是在汽车动力总成悬置系统中，橡胶衬套都是作为汽车减振降噪系统中最为重要的零部件，因而对于橡胶衬套的研究就极为重要。研究这类问题时，比较适用的方法便是有限元分析法。现如今，计算机技术空前发达，有限元分析软件众多。
本文首先阐述了橡胶元件在汽车的悬架系统与动力总成悬置系统中的应用，以及橡胶材料的众多特性，例如粘弹性。对国内外研究橡胶衬套的情况做了详细说明。
然后介绍了有限元法的起源，发展历程和国内外有限元法的研究情况。再然后介绍了有限元软件的发展史和种类，重点讲解了ANSYS有限元分析软件的功能以及分析过程。
最后运用ANSYS有限元分析软件对橡胶衬套的静刚度进行仿真实验分析，并建立橡胶衬套有限元模型，然后设置边界条件，进行刚度分析仿真实验，用来模拟橡胶衬套的受力情况，探究了六个方向上的力或载荷加载到橡胶衬套上时，橡胶衬套的刚度变化情况。对其分别受到x，y，z轴向力与扭转力时橡胶衬套发生的形变情况进行分析，并在仿真中记录数据，画出相关曲线图。根据曲线图所表述的函数关系，用以表达橡胶衬套静刚度变化情况。
关键词：橡胶衬套，有限元分析法，悬架系统，静刚度
Abstract
The NVH performance of a vehicle is an important criterion for evaluating whether the vehicle is comfortable or not. It gives the driver the most intuitive feeling. When a car is running, the vibration caused by uneven road surface is transmitted to the whole vehicle through the wheels. Rubber components are widely used in the automotive industry, especially in parts requiring vibration reduction, noise reduction and protection of important components. The suspension system and automobile powertrain mounting system are the two most critical parts. Whether in a suspension system or in automotive powertrain mounting system, rubber bushing is the most important part of automotive vibration and noise reduction system, so the research of rubber bushing is very important. When studying this kind of problem, the more suitable method is the finite element analysis method. Nowadays, computer technology is unprecedentedly developed, and there are many finite element analysis software.
In this paper, the application of rubber components in asuspension system and powertrain suspension system of automobiles and the characteristics of rubber materials, such as viscoelasticity, are described. The research situation of rubber bushing at home and abroad are described in detail.
Then it introduces the origin and development of the finite element method and the research situation of finite element method at home and abroad. Then it introduces the development history and types of finite element software, focusing on the functions and analysis process of ANSYS.
Finally, ANSYS is used to simulate the static stiffness of rubber bushing, and the finite element model of rubber bushing is established. Then the boundary conditions are set up and the stiffness analysis simulation experiment is carried out to simulate the stress of rubber bushing. The stiffness change of rubber bushing is explored when the force or load in six directions is loaded on the rubber bushing. The deformation of rubber bushing subjected to x, y, z axial and torsional forces are analyzed, and the data are recorded in the simulation, and the relevant curves are drawn. According to the function relationship expressed in the graph, the static stiffness of rubber bushing can be expressed.
Keywords：Rubber bushing，Finite Element Analysis，suspension system，Static stiffness
目录
摘要 I
Abstract II
1 绪论 1
1.1 研究背景 1
1.2 国内外研究现状 5
1.3 研究内容与目的 6
2 有限元分析法 7
2.1 有限元发展史 7
2.2 有限元分析软件ANSYS 8
2.3 前处理模块 9
2.4 分析计算模块 10
2.5 后处理模块 10
2.6 ANSYS有限元分析流程 10
2.7 本章小结 11
3 橡胶衬套有限元模型 12
3.1 发动机左悬置橡胶衬套 12
3.2 三维模型的建立 13
3.3 大变形问题 14
3.4 橡胶材料模型的建立 15
3.5 有限元模型的建立 15
3.6 边界条件设置 16
3.7 本章小结 16
4 橡胶衬套刚度分析 17
4.1 x方向静刚度 17
4.2 x方向扭转静刚度 17
4.3 y方向静刚度 18
4.4 y方向扭转刚度 20
4.5 z方向静刚度 20
4.6 z方向扭转刚度 21
4.7 数据总结与结论 22
4.7 本章小结 22
5 总结与展望 24
5.1 总结 24
5.2 展望 24
参考文献 25
致谢 27
1绪论...
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