外文资料译文
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- 外文资料译文1.mold in industrial production status molds is the mass production isomorph product tool, is the industrial production main craft equipment.
Uses the mold production spare part, has the production efficiency high, the quality good, the cost low, the frugal energy and raw material and so on a series of merits, has the high accuracy, the high complex degree, the high uniformity, the high productivity and the low consumption with the mold production workpiece, is other processing manufacture method cannot compare.Has become the present age industrial production the important method and the craft development direction.Modern economy foundation industry.The modern industrial product development and the technical level enhancement, is decided to a great extent by the mold industry level of development, therefore the mold industry will play to the national economy and the social development the more and more major role.In March, 1989 the State Council promulgated "about Current Industrial policy Main point Decision", listed as the mechanical industrial technology transformation sequence the mold first, the production and capital construction sequence second (is only inferior to large-scale generating set and corresponding power transformer equipment), established the mold industry in the national economy important status.Since 1997, also one after another has included the mold and the processing technology and the equipment "Current National Key Encouragement Development Industry, Product And Technical Table of contents" and "Encouragement Foreign merchant Investment Industry Table of contents".Authorizes by the State Council, from 1997 to 2000, implemented the increment duty to more than 80 state-owned specialized mold factories to return 70% preferential policy, propped up the mold industry the development.All these, all fully manifested the State Council to develop the mold industry value and the support with National Department concerned.At present the world mold annual production is approximately 60,000,000,000 US dollars, industry developed country and so on date, America mold industrial output has surpassed the machine tool industry, started from 1997, our country mold industrial output has also surpassed the machine tool industry output value.
Statistics have indicated, in light industry professions and so on the electrical appliances, toy, the nearly 90% components is the synthesis chopsticks has the production; In the airplane, the automobile, the farm machinery and the radio profession, this proportion also surpasses 60%.For example the airplane manufacturing industry, some fighter aircraft mold amount of use surpasses 30,000 sets, in which main engine 8000 set of, the engine 2000 set of, the auxiliary engine 20,000 sets.Looking from the output value that, since the 80's, industry developed country mold profession and so on America, date output values have surpassed the engine bed profession, also and has the tendency which continues to grow.According to the international production technology association forecast that, to 2000, a product rough machining 75%, the precision work 50% will complete by the mold; Industry products and so on metal, plastic, ceramics, rubber, building materials majority of will complete by the mold, 50% above metal plate, 80% above plastic all especially will transform the product through the mold.
2. mold historical developments
The mold appearance may trace to several millenniums before the earthenware and the bronzeware casting, but its large-scale use is actually turns to pick along with the modern industry develops.
The 19th century, along with the munitions industry (gun artillery cartridge case), the clock and watch industry, the radio industry development, die obtains the widespread use.After Second World War, along with the world economics rapid development, it has become components and so on mass production domestic electric appliances, automobile, electronic instrumentation, photographic camera, clock and watch best ways.Looking from the worldwide scale that, at that time US's ramming technology walked in the front row - - many mold vanguard technologies, like the simple mold, the high efficiency mold, the high life mold and the ramming automation technology, mostly originned from US; But Switzerland's essence flushes, Germany's impact extrusion technology, Soviet Union also is in the world advanced ranks to the plastic processing research.The 50's, the mold profession work key point is according to the subscriber request, the manufacture can satisfy the product request the mold.The mold design depends on the experience, the reference had the blueprint and the perceptual knowledge, to designs the mold components the function to lack the clear understanding.From 1955 to 1965, was the shaping exploration and the development time - - has carried on the number school grades bridge to the mold main spare part function and the stressful condition, and applied unceasingly these knowledge in the scene reality, enabled the ramming technology to have the leap development in various aspects.Its result induces the mold principle of design, and causes the pressure machinery, the ramming material, t
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