AFS-300型选择性激光烧结机系统设计
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- 设计和评估选择性激光烧结机的镜面系统
摘要
Abstract: Selective Laser Sintering (SLS) is currently recognized as a leading process in the new field of solidfreeform fabrication (SFF). In order to develop more elaborate and speedy system for fabricating large objectscompared to existing SLS, this study employs Digital Mirror System (DMS) for Selective Laser Sintering (SLS)process. DMS contains 3-axis dynamic focusing lens, zoom beam expender, x-y galvano mirror, reflection mirrors forscanning large area instead of the existing fO lens used in commercial SLS. Also, in the SLS, the sintering temperature,laser beam power and layer thickness have a great influence on sintering of the polymer. Experiments were performed to evaluate the effect of a scanning path and fabrication parameters on sintering process and to fabricate the various 3Dobjects using polymer.
选择性激光烧结（SLS）是目前公认的固体新领域的领先工艺自由形式制造（SFF）。 为了开发更精细，更快速的系统来制造大型物体与现有的SLS相比，本研究采用数字镜像系统（DMS）进行选择性激光烧结（SLS）处理。 DMS包含3轴动态聚焦镜头，变焦光束尺寸，x-y电流镜，反射镜扫描大面积而不是商用SLS中使用的现有fO镜头。 另外，在SLS中，烧结温度，激光束功率和层厚度对聚合物的烧结有很大影响。 进行了实验评估扫描路径和制造参数对烧结过程的影响，并制作各种3D使用聚合物的物体.
Keywords: SLS(Selective Laser Sintering), DMS(Digital Mirror System), 3-axis Dynamic focusing lens,Zoom beam expander.
关键词：SLS（选择性激光烧结），DMS（数字镜面系统），3轴动态聚焦镜头，变焦光束扩展器。
1INTRODUCTION
1、介绍
Recently, the multi-functional SFF systems areactively being implemented into the real manufacturingprocess, which are used not only for fabricating a solidfreeform 3D CAD files but also for scanning a 3Dobject rapidly and precisely. Based on the original formof used material and the hardening method, the variousRP systems, such as SLA (Stereo Lithographic), SLS(Selective Laser Sintering), FDM (Fused Deposition Modelling) LOM (Laminated Object Manufacturing),3DP (Three Dimensional Printing), FDM (FusedDeposit Modelling), SGC (Solid Ground Curing), have been introduced to the market. Especially, the SLSprocess, called solid freeform fabrication (SFF), creates3D object, layer-by-layer, using powder materials with heat generated by a CO2 laser. With SLS process,prototypes have been produced with various uses of thermoplastic, metal composite and ceramic composite powder. SLS system is consist of various elemental technique such as the powder laminate for control of build room and feed room position, control of roller velocity, powder sintering for control of temperature, scan path generation etc.Recently, the rise of method for SLS process, through the laser beam spot size change, against the form of fine part using small laser beam spot size and against the form of hatching boundary using large laser beam spot size. This method has which is not only improvement of SLS process but also increased quality of product and precision. And another method is that divided scan region. This method controlled laser delay and jump time. The second method is being researched already.Therefore, this study, against to existing study,constructed laser part which is able to changed laserbeam spot size and study on effect.
最近，多功能SFF系统是积极地实施到真正的制造业过程，不仅用于制造固体自由形式的3D CAD文件，但也用于扫描3D快速准确地反对。基于原始表格所用材料和硬化方法，各种RP系统，如SLA（Stereo Lithographic），SLS（选择性激光烧结），FDM（熔融沉积建模）LOM（层压物体制造），3DP（三维印刷），FDM（熔融存款建模），SGC（固体地面固化），有被介绍到市场。特别是SLS过程，称为固体自由形式制造（SFF），创造3D物体，逐层，使用粉末材料CO2激光产生的热量。使用SLS流程，原型已经生产出各种用途热塑性，金属复合和陶瓷复合材料粉末。 SLS系统由各种元素组成用于控制的粉末层压板等技术建造房间和饲料室位置，控制滚筒速度，粉末烧结控制温度，扫描路径生成等。最近，SLS过程的方法兴起，通过激光束光斑尺寸变化，形成精细部分使用小激光束光斑尺寸和反对使用大型激光束点的孵化边界形式尺寸。 这种方法不仅具有改进性SLS过程还提高了产品质量精确。 另一种方法是分割扫描区域。 该方法控制激光延迟和跳跃时间。 第二种方法正在研究中因此，本研究反对现有研究，构造激光部件，能够改变激光束斑大小及效果研究。
2.WHAT IS DMS (DIGITAL MIRRORSYSTEM)?
2、什么是DMS（DIGITAL MIRROR系统）？
The digital mirror system apply to SLS process from commercial SLA equipment technique to get a motive in United States (the A company). Especially, this model applies equipment such as High Accuracy X-Y Positional Sensors, Absolute X-Y Accuracy with Calibration Plate and Beam profiler to determine laser beam shape, solved decrease accuracy problem by each layer it measures the location and a form of laser beam. Especially, acquisition of laser beam location information by sensor for data feed back, it has ability of correction for rotation angle of Galvano mirror. Based on these ability, in case of the A company, alteration of laser beam size is possible. For the raise of precision and working speed, border part using small beam(0. 13mm) and surface part using large beam(Hatch beam, 0.3mm, 0.72mm). Table.1 shows that laser beam spot size and scan speed for SLA system(the A company).
数字镜像系统适用于SLS过程商业SLA设备技术获得动机在美国（A公司）。 特别是这个模型应用高精度X-Y等设备位置传感器，绝对X-Y精度用于确定激光的校准板和光束分析仪光束形状，解决了各自降低精度问题它测量激光束的位置和形式。特别是，获取激光束的位置通过传感器获取数据反馈的信息，它具有一定的能力修正Galvano镜的旋转角度。基于这些能力，如果是A公司，可以改变激光束尺寸。 为了加薪精度和工作速度，边框部分使用小梁（0.13mm）和表面部分使用大梁（舱口梁，0.3mm，0.72mm）。 表1显示SLA系统的激光束光斑尺寸和扫描速度（A公司）。
Laser beam spot size (mm) Scan speed(m/s)
HR boarder 0.13 3.5
Speciality spot size 0.3 8
Large spot hatch 0.762 25
表1 激光扫描斑点尺寸及扫描速度
Design and Evaluation of Digital Mirror System for SLS process
设计和评估选择性激光烧结机的镜面系统
摘要
Abstract: Selective Laser Sintering (SLS) is currently recognized as a leading process in the new field of solidfreeform fabrication (SFF). In order to develop more elaborate and speedy system for fabricating large objectscompared to existing SLS, this study employs Digital Mirror System (DMS) for Selective Laser Sintering (SLS)process. DMS contains 3-axis dynamic focusing lens, zoom beam expender, x-y galvano mirror, reflection mirrors forscanning large area instead of the existing fO lens used in commercial SLS. Also, in the SLS, the sintering temperature,laser beam power and layer thickness have a great influence on sintering of the polymer. Experiments were performed to evaluate the effect of a scanning path and fabrication parameters on sintering process and to fabricate the various 3Dobjects using polymer.
选择性激光烧结（SLS）是目前公认的固体新领域的领先工艺自由形式制造（SFF）。 为了开发更精细，更快速的系统来制造大型物体与现有的SLS相比，本研究采用数字镜像系统（DMS）进行选择性激光烧结（SLS）处理。 DMS包含3轴动态聚焦镜头，变焦光束尺寸，x-y电流镜，反射镜扫描大面积而不是商用SLS中使用的现有fO镜头。 另外，在SLS中，烧结温度，激光束功率和层厚度对聚合物的烧结有很大影响。 进行了实验评估扫描路径和制造参数对烧结过程的影响，并制作各种3D使用聚合物的物体.
Keywords: SLS(Selective Laser Sintering), DMS(Digital Mirror System), 3-axis Dynamic focusing lens,Zoom beam expander.
关键词：SLS（选择性激光烧结），DMS（数字镜面系统），3轴动态聚焦镜头，变焦光束扩展器。
1INTRODUCTION
1、介绍
Recently, the multi-functional SFF systems areactively being implemented into the real manufacturingprocess, which are used not only for fabricating a solidfreeform 3D CAD files but also for scanning a 3Dobject rapidly and precisely. Based on the original formof used material and the hardening method, the variousRP systems, such as SLA (Stereo Lithographic), SLS(Selective Laser Sintering), FDM (Fused Deposition Modelling) LOM (Laminated Object Manufacturing),3DP (Three Dimensional Printing), FDM (FusedDeposit Modelling), SGC (Solid Ground Curing), have been introduced to the market. Especially, the SLSprocess, called solid freeform fabrication (SFF), creates3D object, layer-by-layer, using powder materials with heat generated by a CO2 laser. With SLS process,prototypes have been produced with various uses of thermoplastic, metal composite and ceramic composite powder. SLS system is consist of various elemental technique such as the powder laminate for control of build room and feed room position, control of roller velocity, powder sintering for control of temperature, scan path generation etc.Recently, the rise of method for SLS process, through the laser beam spot size change, against the form of fine part using small laser beam spot size and against the form of hatching boundary using large laser beam spot size. This method has which is not only improvement of SLS process but also increased quality of product and precision. And another method is that divided scan region. This method controlled laser delay and jump time. The second method is being researched already.Therefore, this study, against to existing study,constructed laser part which is able to changed laserbeam spot size and study on effect.
最近，多功能SFF系统是积极地实施到真正的制造业过程，不仅用于制造固体自由形式的3D CAD文件，但也用于扫描3D快速准确地反对。基于原始表格所用材料和硬化方法，各种RP系统，如SLA（Stereo Lithographic），SLS（选择性激光烧结），FDM（熔融沉积建模）LOM（层压物体制造），3DP（三维印刷），FDM（熔融存款建模），SGC（固体地面固化），有被介绍到市场。特别是SLS过程，称为固体自由形式制造（SFF），创造3D物体，逐层，使用粉末材料CO2激光产生的热量。使用SLS流程，原型已经生产出各种用途热塑性，金属复合和陶瓷复合材料粉末。 SLS系统由各种元素组成用于控制的粉末层压板等技术建造房间和饲料室位置，控制滚筒速度，粉末烧结控制温度，扫描路径生成等。最近，SLS过程的方法兴起，通过激光束光斑尺寸变化，形成精细部分使用小激光束光斑尺寸和反对使用大型激光束点的孵化边界形式尺寸。 这种方法不仅具有改进性SLS过程还提高了产品质量精确。 另一种方法是分割扫描区域。 该方法控制激光延迟和跳跃时间。 第二种方法正在研究中因此，本研究反对现有研究，构造激光部件，能够改变激光束斑大小及效果研究。
2.WHAT IS DMS (DIGITAL MIRRORSYSTEM)?
2、什么是DMS（DIGITAL MIRROR系统）？
The digital mirror system apply to SLS process from commercial SLA equipment technique to get a motive in United States (the A company). Especially, this model applies equipment such as High Accuracy X-Y Positional Sensors, Absolute X-Y Accuracy with Calibration Plate and Beam profiler to determine laser beam shape, solved decrease accuracy problem by each layer it measures the location and a form of laser beam. Especially, acquisition of laser beam location information by sensor for data feed back, it has ability of correction for rotation angle of Galvano mirror. Based on these ability, in case of the A company, alteration of laser beam size is possible. For the raise of precision and working speed, border part using small beam(0. 13mm) and surface part using large beam(Hatch beam, 0.3mm, 0.72mm). Table.1 shows that laser beam spot size and scan speed for SLA system(the A company).
数字镜像系统适用于SLS过程商业SLA设备技术获得动机在美国（A公司）。 特别是这个模型应用高精度X-Y等设备位置传感器，绝对X-Y精度用于确定激光的校准板和光束分析仪光束形状，解决了各自降低精度问题它测量激光束的位置和形式。特别是，获取激光束的位置通过传感器获取数据反馈的信息，它具有一定的能力修正Galvano镜的旋转角度。基于这些能力，如果是A公司，可以改变激光束尺寸。 为了加薪精度和工作速度，边框部分使用小梁（0.13mm）和表面部分使用大梁（舱口梁，0.3mm，0.72mm）。 表1显示SLA系统的激光束光斑尺寸和扫描速度（A公司）。...
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