后钢板弹簧吊耳加工工艺及夹具设计论文
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- 后钢板弹簧吊耳加工工艺及夹具设计摘 要
在夹具的设计过程中，最重要的主要是被加工零件的定位、夹紧等问题。这是设计工程师必须考虑到的问题，如果夹具出现任何的小问题，必将影响被加工零件的加工精度，从而破坏零件的精密性。而在夹具的设计过程中，容易出现的有设计端面夹具时的清根问题，特别是在设计端面和内孔夹具时。如果零件定位内孔孔口倒角较小或者没有倒角，就必须清根，相反，若零件定位内孔孔口倒角较大或者是空位，就不需要清根。在设计圆盘类刀具加工夹具时，还存在让刀的问题，在设计这类夹具时，要考虑铣刀或砂轮完成切削或磨削后，铣刀或砂轮的退刀位置，而它的位置大小应根据所使用的铣刀或砂轮的直径大小，留出超过刀具半径尺寸的位置即可。而为了提高夹具的利用率，一般把夹具设计成几个零件的通用型夹具。
随着机械工业的高速发展，我国现在需要大力发展高精密的机械设备仪器，特别是像对于后钢板弹簧吊耳这类非规则类零件的加工，以及加工它所需的设备夹具等，市场上还需要更多精密、成本低和通用型的组合夹具。
关键词：后钢板弹簧吊耳，专用夹具，加工工艺
ABSTRACT
In the design process of the fixture, the most important issues are the positioning and clamping of the machined parts. This is a problem that design engineers must consider. If any small problems occur in the fixture, it will affect the machining accuracy of the machined part, thus destroying the precision of the part. In the design process of the fixture, it is easy to have the problem of clearing the root when designing the end face fixture, especially when designing the end face and the inner hole clamp. If the chamfering of the inner hole of the part positioning is small or there is no chamfering, the root must be cleared. On the contrary, if the chamfering of the inner hole is large or empty, the rooting is not required. When designing a disc-type tooling fixture, there is also the problem of the knife. When designing such a fixture, consider the position of the cutter or the retracting of the grinding wheel after the milling or grinding wheel is finished cutting or grinding, and its position. The size should be based on the diameter of the milling cutter or grinding wheel used, leaving a position beyond the tool radius. In order to improve the utilization of the fixture, the fixture is generally designed as a universal fixture of several parts.
With the rapid development of the machinery industry, China now needs to vigorously develop high-precision mechanical equipment, especially for the processing of irregular parts such as rear leaf spring lifting lugs, and the equipment fixtures needed to process it. There is also a need for more sophisticated, low cost and versatile combination fixtures.
Key words: rear leaf spring lifting lug, special fixture, processing technology
目 录
1 绪论---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------1
2 后钢板弹簧吊耳加工工艺流程设计------------------------------------------------2
2.1 零件分析----------------------------------------------------------------------------------4
2.2定位基准的选择----------------------------------------------------------------------5
2.3制定工艺路线-------------------------------------------------------------------------6
2.4确定工序尺寸及加工余量----------------------------------------------------------7
2.5确定切削用量及基本工时-----------------------------------------------------------8
3铣削后钢板弹簧吊耳内侧面的夹具设计------------------------------------------19
3.1粗铣后钢板弹簧吊耳内侧面的夹具设计--------------------------------------------19
3.2定位基准的选择以及定位方案的分析-----------------------------------------------19
3.3夹紧力和铣削力的计算-----------------------------------------------------------------20
3.4定向键装置的设计-----------------------------------------------------------------------20
3.5夹具装置的设计及夹紧力的计算-----------------------------------------------------21
3.6夹具装置的简要说明--------------------------------------------------------------------22
3.7夹具装置的安全性分析-----------------------------------------------------------------22
3.8铣内侧面夹具的三维建模--------------------------------------------------------------22
4加工φ30mm孔的夹具设计--------------------------------------------------------------24
4.1加工φ30mm孔的夹具设计-------------------------------------------------------------24
4.2定位基准的选择以及定位方案的分析-----------------------------------------------24
4.3夹紧力和铣削力的计算-----------------------------------------------------------------25
4.4钻套、衬套及夹具体的设计-----------------------------------------------------------25
4.5夹具的精度分析--------------------------------------------------------------------------26
4.6夹具装置的简要说明--------------------------------------------------------------------27
4.7夹具装置的安全性分析-----------------------------------------------------------------27
5加工φ10.5mm孔的夹具设计----------------------------------------------------------------28
5.1加工φ10.5mm孔的夹具设计----------------------------------------------------------28
5.2定位基准的选择以及定位方案的分析-----------------------------------------------28
5.3夹紧力和铣削力的计算-----------------------------------------------------------------29
5.4定位元件的设计--------------------------------------------------------------------------29
5.5钻套、夹具体的设计--------------------------------------------------------------------30
5.6夹具的精度分析--------------------------------------------------------------------------31
5.7夹具装置的简要说明--------------------------------------------------------------------31
5.8夹具装置的安全性分析-----------------------------------------------------------------31
6有限元分析-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------32
6.1有限元分析概述--------------------------------------------------------------------------32
6.2支承钉的有限元分析--------------------------------------------------------------------32
7机械加工工艺的影响因素----------------------------------------------------------36
7.1机械加工工艺危险因素分析和控制-----------------------------------------------------36
7.2机械加工工艺的经济性分析----------------------------------------------------36
8结论------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------37
参考文献--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------38
致谢---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------39
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